ARJAN DEV, GURŪ (1563-1606), fifth in the line of ten Gurūs or prophet teachers of the Sikh faith, was born on Baisākh vadī 7, 1620 Bk/15 April 1563 at Goindvāl, in present day Amritsar district, to Bhāī Jeṭhā who later occupied the seat of Gurūship as Gurū Rām Dās, fourth in succession from Gurū Nānak, and his wife, Bībī (lady) Bhānī, daughter of Gurū Amar Dās, the Third Gurū. The youngest son of his parents, (Gurū) Arjan Dev was of a deeply religious temperament and his father's favourite. This excited the jealousy of his eldest brother, Prithī Chand. Once Gurū Rām Dās had an invitation to attend at Lahore the wedding of a relation. The Gurū, unable to go himself, wanted one of his sons to represent him at the ceremony. Prithī Chand, the eldest son, avoided going and made excuses. The second son, Mahadev, had little interest in worldly affairs. Arjan Dev willingly offered to do the Gurū's bidding. He was sent to Lahore with instructions to remain there and preach Gurū Nānak's word until sent for. Arjan Dev stayed on in Lahore where he established a Sikh saṅgat. From Lahore, he wrote to his father letters in verse, pregnant with spiritual overtones, giving vent to the pangs of his heart. Gurū Rām Dās recalled him to Amritsar, and judging him fit to inherit Gurū Nānak's mantle pronounced him his successor.

        Gurū Arjan remained in the central Punjab throughout his spiritual reign. Recorded history speaks of his movements between Goindvāl, Lahore, Amritsar, Tarn Tāran and Kartārpur, near Jalandhar. His policy seems to have been one of consolidation and development. Despite the many forms of opposition which he had to face, Gurū Arjan consolidated the community by his hymns, leadership and institutional reforms.

        Gurū Arjan undertook a tour of the Punjab to spread the holy word. From Amritsar, he proceeded on a journey through the Mājhā territory. Coming upon the site of the present shrine of Tarn Tāran (The Holy Raft across the Sinful Waters of Worldliness), 24 km south of Amritsar, he felt much attracted by the beauty of its natural surroundings. He acquired the land from the owners, the residents of the village of Khārā, and constructed a tank as well as a sanctuary which became pilgrim spots for Sikhs. Especially drawn towards Tarn Tāran were the lepers who were treated here by the Gurū with much loving care. As he moved from village to village, Gurū Arjan helped people sink wells and undertake several other works of public weal, especially to alleviate the hardship caused by the famine which then gripped the Punjab. The city of Lahore even today has a baolī, or well with steps going down to water level, built by Gurū Arjan. Another town raised by the Gurū was Kartārpur, in the Jalandhar Doāb between the rivers Beās and Sutlej. He also rebuilt a ruined village, Ruhelā, on the right bank of the River Beās, and renamed it Srī Gobindpur or Srī Hargobindpur after his son (Gurū) Hargobind.

        A son, Hargobind, was born to Gurū Arjan and his wife, Mātā Gaṅgā, in 1595. At the birth of his only child, there were rejoicings in the Gurū's household which are reflected in his hymns of thanksgiving preserved in the Gurū Granth Sāhib.

        "The bāṇī is the Gurū and the Gurū bāṇī" (GG, 982). By accumulating the canon, Gurū Arjan wished to affix the seal on the sacred word and preserve it for posterity. It was also to be the perennial fountain of inspiration and the means of self-perpetuation for the community.

        The compositions of the Gurūs in each rāga were followed by those of the bhaktas in the same format. Gurmukhī was the script used for transcription. A genius unique in spiritual insight and not unconcerned with methodological design had created a scripture with an exalted mystical tone and a high degree of organization. It was large in size - nearly 6, 000 hymns containing compositions of the first five Gurūs (Gurū Arjan's own contribution being the largest) and fifteen saints of different faiths and castes, including the Muslim sūfī, Shaikh Farīd, Ravidās, a shoemaker, and Saiṇ, a barber.

        He Himself hath succoured His saints in their work;

਍㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀㄀∀㸀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀䠀攀 䠀椀洀猀攀氀昀 栀愀琀栀 挀漀洀攀 琀漀 猀攀攀 琀栀攀椀爀 琀愀猀欀 昀甀氀昀椀氀氀攀搀Ⰰ㰀⼀瀀㸀ഀഀ

        Blessed is the earth, blessed the tank;

਍㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀㄀∀㸀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀䈀氀攀猀猀攀搀 椀猀 琀栀攀 琀愀渀欀 眀椀琀栀 㰀椀㸀愀洀爀椀琀㰀⼀椀㸀 昀椀氀氀攀搀⸀㰀⼀瀀㸀ഀഀ

        Amrit overfloweth the tank : He hath the task completed.

਍㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀㄀∀㸀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀㰀⼀戀氀漀挀欀焀甀漀琀攀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀ഀഀ

        The Granth Sāhib, containing hymns of Gurūs and of Hindu and Muslim saints, was a puzzle for people of orthodox views. Complaints were carried to the Mughal emperor that the book was derogatory to Islam and other religions. The emperor, who was then encamped at Baṭālā in the Punjab asked to see Gurū Arjan who sent Bhāī Buḍḍhā and Bhāī Gurdās, two revered Sikhs, with the Granth. The book was opened at random and read from the spot pointed out by Akbar. The hymn was in praise of God. So were the others, read out subsequently. Akbar was pleased and made an offering of fifty-one gold mohars to the Granth Sāhib. He presented Bhāī Buḍḍhā and Bhāī Gurdās with robes of honour and gave a third one for the Gurū. Akbar had himself visited Gurū Arjan earlier, at Goindvāl, in November 1598 and besought him for spiritual guidance. At the Gurū's instance, the Emperor remitted 10 to 12 per cent of the land revenue in the Punjab.

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        Gurū Arjan's compositions are in two strains from the point of view of the choice of vocabulary. In portions which are mainly philosophical in content, the character of the language is close to Brajī Hindi. In those portions where the main inspiration is devotional or touching the human personality with compassion and that peace which no pain, sorrow or encounter with evil may disturb, he uses the western Punjabi idiom which before him had been employed in similar contexts by Gurū Nānak. In a few of his hymns he has employed the current terminology of popular Islam in order to emphasize tolerance and inter-religious goodwill. A few of his compositions, like Gurū Nānak's before him, are couched in the Prākrit idiom called Sahaskritī or Gāthā. Gurū Arjan's many-sided learning is witnessed in his own compositions as well in the editing of the Holy Volume and his commentary on the work of the bhaktas whose compositions he included in Ādi Granth.

਍㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀㄀∀㸀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀䤀渀 琀栀攀 琀椀洀攀 漀昀 䜀甀爀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀ 䄀爀樀愀渀 琀栀攀 匀椀欀栀 昀愀椀琀栀 最愀椀渀攀搀 愀 氀愀爀最攀 渀甀洀戀攀爀 漀昀 愀搀栀攀爀攀渀琀猀⸀ 伀渀 琀栀攀 琀攀猀琀椀洀漀渀礀 漀昀 愀 挀漀渀琀攀洀瀀漀爀愀爀礀 倀攀爀猀椀愀渀 猀漀甀爀挀攀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 㰀椀㸀䐀愀戀椀猀琀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀渀ⴀ椀ⴀ䴀愀稀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀栀椀戀㰀⼀椀㸀Ⰰ ∀䐀甀爀椀渀最 琀栀攀 琀椀洀攀 漀昀 攀愀挀栀 䴀愀栀愀氀 ⠀䜀甀爀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀⤀ 琀栀攀 匀椀欀栀猀 椀渀挀爀攀愀猀攀搀 琀椀氀氀 椀渀 琀栀攀 爀攀椀最渀 漀昀 䜀甀爀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀ 䄀爀樀愀渀 䴀愀氀氀 琀栀攀礀 戀攀挀愀洀攀 渀甀洀攀爀漀甀猀 愀渀搀 琀栀攀爀攀 眀攀爀攀 渀漀琀 洀愀渀礀 挀椀琀椀攀猀 椀渀 琀栀攀 椀渀栀愀戀椀琀攀搀 挀漀甀渀琀爀椀攀猀 眀栀攀爀攀 猀漀洀攀 匀椀欀栀猀 眀攀爀攀 渀漀琀 琀漀 戀攀 昀漀甀渀搀⸀ ∀㰀⼀瀀㸀ഀഀ

        Gurū Arjan's martyrdom, pregnant with far-reaching consequences in the history of Sikhism and of the Punjab, occurred on Jeṭh sudī 4, 1663 Bk/30 May 1606 after a period of imprisonment and torture. The scene of the Gurū's torture was a platform outside the Fort of Lahore near the River Rāvī. In the eighteenth century a shrine, Ḍehrā Sāhib, was erected on the spot where every year the day is marked by a vast concourse of pilgrims coming from all over the Sikh world.

਍㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀㄀∀㸀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀吀栀攀爀攀 愀爀攀 挀漀渀昀氀椀挀琀椀渀最 愀挀挀漀甀渀琀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 挀椀爀挀甀洀猀琀愀渀挀攀猀 氀攀愀搀椀渀最 琀漀 䜀甀爀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀ 䄀爀樀愀渀✀猀 搀攀愀琀栀⸀ 䄀 匀椀欀栀 琀爀愀搀椀琀椀漀渀 瀀氀愀挀攀猀 琀栀攀 爀攀猀瀀漀渀猀椀戀椀氀椀琀礀 漀渀 愀 䠀椀渀搀甀 䬀栀愀琀爀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀 漀昀昀椀挀椀愀氀Ⰰ 䌀栀愀渀搀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀Ⰰ 眀栀漀猀攀 瀀爀椀搀攀 栀愀搀 戀攀攀渀 栀甀爀琀 眀栀攀渀 琀栀攀 䜀甀爀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀ 爀攀昀甀猀攀搀 琀漀 愀挀挀攀瀀琀 栀椀猀 搀愀甀最栀琀攀爀 愀猀 愀 眀椀昀攀 昀漀爀 栀椀猀 猀漀渀Ⰰ 䠀愀爀最漀戀椀渀搀⸀ 䠀漀眀攀瘀攀爀Ⰰ 愀氀琀栀漀甀最栀 䌀栀愀渀搀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀ 琀漀漀欀 栀椀猀 漀瀀瀀漀爀琀甀渀椀琀礀 琀漀 愀搀搀 琀漀 琀栀攀 䜀甀爀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀✀猀 猀甀昀昀攀爀椀渀最Ⰰ 椀琀 椀猀 栀愀爀搀氀礀 氀椀欀攀氀礀 琀栀愀琀 栀攀 栀愀搀 琀栀攀 椀渀昀氀甀攀渀挀攀 琀漀 挀愀甀猀攀 椀琀⸀ 吀栀攀 爀攀愀氀 挀愀甀猀攀 眀愀猀 琀栀攀 愀琀琀椀琀甀搀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 䔀洀瀀攀爀漀爀 栀椀洀猀攀氀昀⸀ 䨀愀栀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最☀⌀㈀㤀㤀爀 眀栀漀 猀甀挀挀攀攀搀攀搀 䄀欀戀愀爀 漀渀 琀栀攀 琀栀爀漀渀攀 漀昀 䐀攀氀栀椀 椀渀 ㄀㘀　㔀 眀愀猀 渀漀琀 愀猀 氀椀戀攀爀愀氀 愀渀搀 琀漀氀攀爀愀渀琀 愀猀 栀椀猀 昀愀琀栀攀爀⸀ 䤀渀 栀椀猀 攀愀爀氀礀 礀攀愀爀猀 漀渀 琀栀攀 琀栀爀漀渀攀Ⰰ 栀攀 搀攀瀀攀渀搀攀搀 洀漀爀攀 漀渀 琀栀攀 漀爀琀栀漀搀漀砀 猀攀挀琀椀漀渀 愀洀漀渀最 栀椀猀 挀漀甀爀琀椀攀爀猀⸀ 吀栀椀猀 挀漀琀攀爀椀攀 眀愀猀 甀渀搀攀爀 琀栀攀 椀渀昀氀甀攀渀挀攀 漀昀 匀栀愀椀㰀甀㸀欀栀㰀⼀甀㸀 䄀栀洀愀搀 漀昀 匀椀爀栀椀渀搀 ⠀㄀㔀㘀㤀ⴀ㄀㘀㈀㐀⤀Ⰰ 氀攀愀搀攀爀 漀昀 琀栀攀 一愀焀猀栀戀愀渀搀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀 漀爀搀攀爀 漀昀 琀栀攀 匀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀昀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀猀⸀ 吀栀攀 匀椀欀栀猀 眀攀爀攀 琀栀攀 昀椀爀猀琀 琀漀 戀攀愀爀 琀栀攀 戀爀甀渀琀 漀昀 䨀愀栀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最☀⌀㈀㤀㤀爀✀猀 洀愀氀椀挀攀 ⸀ 䨀愀栀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最☀⌀㈀㤀㤀爀 昀攀氀琀 攀猀瀀攀挀椀愀氀氀礀 愀氀愀爀洀攀搀 愀琀 琀栀攀 最爀漀眀椀渀最 椀渀昀氀甀攀渀挀攀 漀昀 䜀甀爀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀ 䄀爀樀愀渀⸀ 䄀猀 栀攀 眀爀漀琀攀 椀渀 栀椀猀 㰀椀㸀吀甀稀欀㰀⼀椀㸀㨀 ∀匀漀 洀愀渀礀 漀昀 琀栀攀 猀椀洀瀀氀攀ⴀ洀椀渀搀攀搀 䠀椀渀搀甀猀Ⰰ 渀愀礀Ⰰ 洀愀渀礀 昀漀漀氀椀猀栀 䴀甀猀氀椀洀猀 琀漀漀 栀愀搀 戀攀攀渀 昀愀猀挀椀渀愀琀攀搀 戀礀 琀栀攀 䜀甀爀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀✀猀 眀愀礀猀 愀渀搀 琀攀愀挀栀椀渀最⸀ 䘀漀爀 洀愀渀礀 礀攀愀爀猀 琀栀攀 琀栀漀甀最栀琀 栀愀搀 戀攀攀渀 瀀爀攀猀攀渀琀椀渀最 椀琀猀攀氀昀 琀漀 洀礀 洀椀渀搀 琀栀愀琀 攀椀琀栀攀爀 䤀 猀栀漀甀氀搀 瀀甀琀 愀渀 攀渀搀 琀漀 琀栀椀猀 昀愀氀猀攀 琀爀愀昀昀椀挀Ⰰ 漀爀 琀栀愀琀 栀攀 戀攀 戀爀漀甀最栀琀 椀渀琀漀 琀栀攀 昀漀氀搀 漀昀 䤀猀氀愀洀⸀ ∀㰀⼀瀀㸀ഀഀ

        Within a few months of Jahāṅgīr's succession, his son, Khusrau, rebelled against his father and, on his way to Lahore, met Gurū Arjan at Goindvāl and sought his blessing. According to the Mahimā Prakāsh, the Prince partook of the hospitality of the Gurū kā Laṅgar and resumed his journey the following morning. Nevertheless after the rebellion had been suppressed and Khusrau apprehended, Jahāṅgīr wreaked terrible vengeance on the people he suspected of having helped his son. Gurū Arjan was heavily fined and on his refusal to pay the fine was arrested. To quote again from Jahāṅgīr's memoirs : "I fully knew of his heresies, and I ordered that he should be brought into my presence, that his property be confiscated and that he should be put to death with torture. "

਍㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀㄀∀㸀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀吀栀攀 䜀甀爀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀ 眀愀猀 琀愀欀攀渀 琀漀 䰀愀栀漀爀攀⸀ 䘀漀爀 猀攀瘀攀爀愀氀 搀愀礀猀 栀攀 眀愀猀 猀甀戀樀攀挀琀攀搀 琀漀 攀砀琀爀攀洀攀 瀀栀礀猀椀挀愀氀 琀漀爀洀攀渀琀⸀ 䠀攀 眀愀猀 猀攀愀琀攀搀 漀渀 爀攀搀 栀漀琀 椀爀漀渀 瀀氀愀琀攀猀 愀渀搀 戀甀爀渀椀渀最 猀愀渀搀 眀愀猀 瀀漀甀爀攀搀 漀瘀攀爀 栀椀洀⸀ 䠀攀 眀愀猀 洀愀搀攀 琀漀 琀愀欀攀 愀 搀椀瀀 椀渀 戀漀椀氀椀渀最 眀愀琀攀爀⸀ 䴀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀 䴀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀爀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 䜀甀爀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀✀猀 䴀甀猀氀椀洀 昀爀椀攀渀搀Ⰰ 挀愀洀攀 琀漀 猀攀攀 栀椀洀 愀渀搀 漀昀昀攀爀攀搀 琀漀 椀渀琀攀爀挀攀搀攀 漀渀 栀椀猀 戀攀栀愀氀昀⸀ 䈀甀琀 琀栀攀 䜀甀爀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀ 昀漀爀戀愀搀攀 栀椀洀 愀渀搀 攀渀樀漀椀渀攀搀 栀椀洀 琀漀 昀椀渀搀 瀀攀愀挀攀 椀渀 䜀漀搀✀猀 圀椀氀氀⸀ 吀栀攀 䜀甀爀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀ 眀愀猀 琀栀攀渀 琀愀欀攀渀 琀漀 琀栀攀 刀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀瘀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀⸀ 䄀 搀椀瀀 椀渀 琀栀攀 爀椀瘀攀爀✀猀 挀漀氀搀 眀愀琀攀爀 眀愀猀 洀漀爀攀 琀栀愀渀 琀栀攀 戀氀椀猀琀攀爀攀搀 戀漀搀礀 挀漀甀氀搀 戀攀愀爀⸀ 圀爀愀瀀瀀攀搀 椀渀 洀攀搀椀琀愀琀椀漀渀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 䜀甀爀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀ 瀀攀愀挀攀昀甀氀氀礀 瀀愀猀猀攀搀 愀眀愀礀⸀ 䄀猀 愀 挀漀渀琀攀洀瀀漀爀愀爀礀 䨀攀猀甀椀琀 搀漀挀甀洀攀渀琀ⴀ愀 氀攀琀琀攀爀 眀爀椀琀琀攀渀 昀爀漀洀 䰀愀栀漀爀攀 漀渀 ㈀㔀 匀攀瀀琀攀洀戀攀爀 ㄀㘀　㘀 戀礀 䘀愀琀栀攀爀 娀攀爀漀洀攀 堀愀瘀椀攀爀ⴀⴀ猀愀礀猀Ⰰ ∀䤀渀 琀栀愀琀 眀愀礀 琀栀攀椀爀 最漀漀搀 倀漀瀀攀 搀椀攀搀Ⰰ 漀瘀攀爀眀栀攀氀洀攀搀 戀礀 琀栀攀 猀甀昀昀攀爀椀渀最猀Ⰰ 琀漀爀洀攀渀琀猀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 搀椀猀栀漀渀漀甀爀猀⸀ ∀ 吀栀攀 洀愀渀 眀栀漀 搀攀爀椀瘀攀搀 琀栀攀 洀漀猀琀 猀愀琀椀猀昀愀挀琀椀漀渀 昀爀漀洀 琀栀攀 攀砀攀挀甀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 䜀甀爀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀ 䄀爀樀愀渀 䐀攀瘀 眀愀猀 匀栀愀椀㰀甀㸀欀栀㰀⼀甀㸀 䄀栀洀愀搀 匀椀爀栀椀渀搀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀 䴀甀樀愀搀搀椀搀ⴀ椀ⴀ愀氀昀ⴀ椀ⴀ匀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀渀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀⸀ 䤀渀 栀椀猀 氀攀琀琀攀爀Ⰰ 愀猀 焀甀漀琀攀搀 椀渀 琀栀攀 㰀椀㸀䴀愀欀琀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀戀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀琀ⴀ椀ⴀ䤀洀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀洀ⴀ椀ⴀ刀愀戀戀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀渀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀㰀⼀椀㸀Ⰰ 栀攀 攀砀瀀爀攀猀猀攀搀 樀甀戀椀氀愀琀椀漀渀 漀瘀攀爀 ∀琀栀攀 攀砀攀挀甀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 琀栀攀 愀挀挀甀爀猀攀搀 㰀椀㸀欀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀昀椀爀㰀⼀椀㸀 漀昀 䜀漀椀渀搀瘀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀氀⸀ ∀㰀⼀瀀㸀ഀഀ

        Gurū Arjan's martyrdom marked the fulfilment of Gurū Nānak's religious and ethical injunctions. Personal piety must have a core of moral strength. A virtuous soul must be a courageous soul. Willingness to suffer trial for one's convictions was a religious imperative. Gurū Arjan's life exemplified this principle.

਍㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀㄀∀㸀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀伀昀 䜀甀爀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀ 䄀爀樀愀渀✀猀 瀀攀爀猀漀渀愀氀椀琀礀 愀渀搀 搀攀愀琀栀Ⰰ 栀椀猀 欀椀渀猀洀愀渀 愀渀搀 挀漀渀琀攀洀瀀漀爀愀爀礀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 爀攀瘀攀爀攀搀 匀椀欀栀 猀愀瘀愀渀琀 䈀栀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀 䜀甀爀搀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀猀Ⰰ 眀爀漀琀攀 椀渀 栀椀猀 㰀椀㸀嘀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀爀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀㰀⼀椀㸀Ⰰ 堀堀䤀嘀⸀ ㈀㌀ 㨀㰀⼀瀀㸀ഀഀ

        As fishes are at one with the waves of the river,

਍㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀㄀∀㸀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀匀漀 眀愀猀 琀栀攀 䜀甀爀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀Ⰰ 椀洀洀攀爀猀攀搀 椀渀 琀栀攀 刀椀瘀攀爀 琀栀愀琀 椀猀 琀栀攀 䰀漀爀搀 㨀㰀⼀瀀㸀ഀഀ

        As the moth merges itself at sight into the flame,

਍㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀㄀∀㸀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀匀漀 眀愀猀 琀栀攀 䜀甀爀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀✀猀 氀椀最栀琀 洀攀爀最攀搀 眀椀琀栀 琀栀攀 䐀椀瘀椀渀攀 䰀椀最栀琀⸀㰀⼀瀀㸀ഀഀ

        In the extremest hours of suffering he was aware of nothing but the Divine Word,

਍㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀㄀∀㸀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀䰀椀欀攀 琀栀攀 搀攀攀爀 眀栀漀 栀攀愀爀猀 渀漀 猀漀甀渀搀 戀甀琀 琀栀攀 爀椀渀最椀渀最 漀昀 琀栀攀 栀甀渀琀攀爀✀猀 戀攀氀氀⸀㰀⼀瀀㸀ഀഀ

        Like the humming-bee who is wrapped inside the lotus,

਍㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀㄀∀㸀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀䠀攀 瀀愀猀猀攀搀 琀栀攀 渀椀最栀琀 漀昀 栀椀猀 氀椀昀攀 愀猀 椀渀 愀 挀愀猀欀攀琀 漀昀 戀氀椀猀猀㬀㰀⼀瀀㸀ഀഀ

        Never did he forget to utter the Lord's word, even as the chātrik fails never to utter its cry;

਍㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀㄀∀㸀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀吀漀 琀栀攀 洀愀渀 漀昀 䜀漀搀 樀漀礀 椀猀 琀栀攀 昀爀甀椀琀 漀昀 搀攀瘀漀琀椀漀渀 愀渀搀 洀攀搀椀琀愀琀椀漀渀 眀椀琀栀 攀焀甀愀渀椀洀椀琀礀 椀渀 栀漀氀礀 挀漀洀瀀愀渀礀⸀㰀⼀瀀㸀ഀഀ

        May I be a sacrifice unto this Gurū Arjan.

਍㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀㄀∀㸀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀㰀⼀戀氀漀挀欀焀甀漀琀攀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀ഀഀ

        Gurū Arjan was succeeded on the spiritual throne by his son, Hargobind.

਍㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀ഀഀ

਍䈀䤀䈀䰀䤀伀䜀刀䄀倀䠀夀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀㄀∀㸀㰀漀氀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀㄀∀㸀㰀氀椀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀㄀∀㸀 䜀愀渀搀愀 匀椀渀最栀Ⰰ 㰀椀㸀䜀甀爀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀ 䄀爀樀愀渀✀猀 䴀愀爀琀礀爀搀漀洀 刀攀椀渀琀攀爀瀀爀攀琀攀搀㰀⼀椀㸀⸀ 倀愀琀椀愀氀愀Ⰰ ㄀㤀㘀㤀㰀䈀刀㸀ഀഀ

Macauliffe, Max Arthur, The Sikh Religion. Oxford, 1909
਍㰀氀椀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀㄀∀㸀 䜀甀渀椀渀搀愀爀 䬀愀甀爀Ⰰ 㰀椀㸀吀栀攀 䜀甀爀甀 䜀爀愀渀琀栀 匀愀栀椀戀 㨀 䤀琀猀 倀栀礀猀椀挀猀 愀渀搀 䴀攀琀愀瀀栀礀猀椀挀猀㰀⼀椀㸀⸀ 䐀攀氀栀椀Ⰰ ㄀㤀㠀㄀㰀䈀刀㸀ഀഀ

Teja Singh, Psalm of Peace. Bombay, 1937
਍㰀氀椀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀㄀∀㸀 䨀漀搀栀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀Ⰰ 䈀栀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀Ⰰ 㰀椀㸀匀爀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀 䬀愀爀琀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀爀瀀甀爀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀 䈀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㜀㄀ 搀攀 䐀愀爀猀栀愀渀㰀⼀椀㸀⸀ 倀愀琀椀愀氀愀Ⰰ ㄀㤀㘀㠀㰀䈀刀㸀ഀഀ

Satibīr Siṅgh, Partakh HarI. Jalandhar, 1977
਍㰀氀椀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀㄀∀㸀 匀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀爀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀Ⰰ 䬀愀爀琀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀爀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀Ⰰ 㰀椀㸀䜀甀爀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀ 䄀爀樀愀渀 䐀攀瘀 琀攀 匀愀渀琀 䐀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀搀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀ 䐀椀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀氀㰀⼀椀㸀⸀ 䌀栀愀渀搀椀最愀爀栀Ⰰ ㄀㤀㘀㤀㰀䈀刀㸀ഀഀ

Gurbachan Siṅgh Tālib

਍㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀ഀഀ ਍㰀⼀䠀吀䴀䰀㸀㰀⼀䈀伀䐀夀㸀ഀഀ